How does Haplogroups, You and Disease Exist in the same body.

Worth looking into for you and your decendants.

Did you do your DNA yet?

Did you know you can find out which Haplogroup your from.

Here is a explanation of it from Wikipedia:

 Haplogroup  What is That!???

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

...A haplotype is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent,^[1][2] and a haplogroup (haploid from the Greek: ἁπλοῦς, haploûs, "onefold, simple" and English: Group) is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor with a single-nucleotide polymorphism mutation.^[3][4] More specifically, a haplogroup is a combination of alleles at different chromosomal regions that are closely linked and that tend to be inherited together. As a haplogroup consists of similar haplotypes, it is usually possible to predict a haplogroup from haplotypes. Haplogroups pertain to a single line of descent. As such, membership of a haplogroup, by any individual, relies on a relatively small proportion of the genetic material possessed by that individual.

.

Then did you know your Haplogroup can determine if you can get certain illnesses, as explained here:  

From The: Oxford Academic

Human Molecular 

Genetics: 

::Population Genetics and Disease Susceptibility: Characterization of Central European Haplogroups By mtDNA Gene Mutations, Correlation with D Loop Variants and Association With Disease 

Sabine Hofmann, Michaela Jaksch, Reimar Bezold, Sabine Mertens, Simone Aholt, Armin Paprotta, Klaus-Dieter Gerbitz Author Notes::

Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 6, Issue 11, October 1997, Pages 1835–1846, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/6.11.1835

Published:

 

01 October 1997

Their Abstract as follows: 

Abstract

Mitochondrial (mt)DNA haplogroups in a German control group (n = 67) were characterized by screening mitochondrial coding regions encompassing most of the ND, tRNA and cyt b genes. We used a PCR-SSCP screening approach followed by direct sequencing of polymorphic mtDNA fragments. Five major mtDNA lineages, diverging in at least nine different haplogroups, could be defined by characteristic polymorphic sites in mitochondrial genes. Additional sequencing of two hypervariable segments (HVS-I and II) of the non-coding displacement (D) loop in all control subjects revealed that certain D loop variants were strongly correlated with lineages and haplogroups, while others represented hotspots occurring frequently in different haplogroups. The existence of identified lineages and haplogroups received support from data in the literature, obtained by use of different approaches. Subsequently, we investigated four disease groups for association with these haplogroups: (i) LHON patients (n = 55) carrying at least one of the primary/intermediate LHON mutations at nt 3460, 11778, 14484 and/or 15257; (ii) patients suffering from Wolfram or DIDMOAD syndrome(n = 8); (iii) MELAS patients (n = 9); (iv) a group of children, who died from ‘sudden infant death syndrome’ (SIDS) (n = 9). The distribution patterns among the haplogroups of the disease groups (LHON, DIDMOAD and SIDS) differed considerably from the control population. LHON and DIDMOAD were significantly under-represented in the most frequent German haplogroup DC, but were concentrated in a mtDNA lineage defined by polymorphisms at nt 4216+11251+16126. As this lineage diverged into two precisely defined haplogroups, LHON and DIDMOAD could be assigned to the two haplogroups separately. Strikingly, SIDS was often found in association with two rare German haplogroups. MELAS patients were equally distributed among German haplogroups and, moreover, did not reveal any accumulation of specific D loop variants. We conclude that certain European mtDNA haplogroups define a genetic susceptibility basis for various disorders.

As you see in the abstract they are very telling illnesses/disease that have all to do with your Haplogroup.  Amazing and sad as stated in the abstract with SIDS.

So can your Haplogroup also keep you from becoming ill from Pandemics? I tried to find this out. There are no current studies on it.  Who knows in a few short years someone may take an interest as we might learn a result then. 

So you did do your DNA!  Did you know there is a service that can provide you with many answers?  I uploaded my raw DNA in a service called Prometheus.  It can tell you what color eyes you should have.  I had to share with them that nope my eyes are not so yellow as they say.  

It has all kinds of information to help you out.  Mine wtells me I'll have Diabetes and High Blood Pressure. Exactly what happened after I was menopausal.   

Eureka or Gold? Brick Wall Tumbled Down!

What GED Match can do for you!

My sister, my great right hand gal, had uploaded her RAW DNA from Ancestry.com into www.GEDMatch.com.  It is a free service by the way.  

Your DNA belongs to you and Ancestry.com provides a way for you to download it onto your computer for your personal use.

So that's exactly what my sister did.  Then she uploaded it into GED match.com.

After many days when the group was full the DNA ran.  She was alerted that it was finished.  

Then she was able to view her results as to whom she was related to and on which centamorgans.  It showed how close she's related to our dad.  Very very cool stuff!

Then on Monday evening she called me to say that she had been contacted by a related Dutch genealogist who also ran her Raw DNA through GED Match.com.  It showed a Dutch connection between them.

My sister provided her with some info.  She heard back from her along with 5 correct Dutch generations of our family.  Fantastic !!!

How lucky was that???  To me increadble.

These brick walls are tumbling down one by one with all the internet functions available to do your family history with

.  

Autosonomol DNA on Ancestry.com

Now with DNA testing price dropping you to might break down some brick walls

1st Cousin from DNA results

Ok  You have your DNA results back from Ancestry.com

You have looked through those who have potential connects to you.  No names are familiar to you.  A few weeks or maybe a few months when all of a sudden Viola you have a closer connections to you.  That unknown 1^st or 2nd second cousin.

Is that a 1^st – 2^nd cousin there?  Oh boy what does this really mean for me and them?

An unknown 1^st cousin, totally unknown.  So if they are unknown to each other then are their parents are most likely unknown to each other too?

Wow what does this really mean? 

In discovering facts about my own family it comes down to a child born into a family that was not 100% their family.  When in the DNA results you see that there was a different father then the other children in the family have.  ( This is in my families case).

To me this complicates everything.  Since I tend to see the big picture and not the micro side.   My thoughts go way deep as to what problems in genealogy this creates.  I do not have the answer as to what it can or what does it mean for each person affected by this kind of “Blast from the Past” knowledge.

I can however tell you that if you ever do find out this kind of DNA proof  step lightly there is the potential for a lot of family stress to come with it.

DNA Feedback

The more I come to know about autosonomal DNA the more I realize that there are many challenges to knowing who we are.  
That there can be a difference between the paper Ancestors & the DNA ancestors.

How confusing is that ?  Papers versus the chemical make-up. Is there a difference?

 Yes in my mind there is. The Paper trail shows us who is in the family line.  While the chemical/DNA proves the paper trail.  The DNA can be full of so many surprises though.

So when you do do your DNA you may have many surprises as to who you thought you were.

Like finding out you do not get a complete set of DNA from both of your parents. 
 What you get is 50% from both. That 50% is different for each child from that union. For me I have 8 living siblings.  It could take 6 of us to be tested to find out the complete DNA we could of been born with.
 What 50% its all in the mix of egg & sperm.

Good Luck in finding out yours!!!  Oh what fun.

DNA WOW WHY SO DIFFERENT?

DNA and its complexities.  How does your results differ from your parents?

Does it can it be different from your parents DNA.

Short answer YES ! 

 Don't I get 50% from each parent?  NO

At time of your conception the DNA carried by the Egg and Sperm is different from the others.

So not only are we an individual and unique in a broad sense we are far more unique down to our DNA.

I have eight siblings every one of us will have different DNA makeup.

As in the case of my sister.

My dad is 53% British Isles

                 23% Scandinavia

                 10% Central European

                 4% not known

My Sister is

                       55% Scandinavia

                                     35% Central European

                       10% Southern European

I expected the Central European to increase

But where is the rest of my dads along with my moms half ?

We do not receive  50% of DNA from both of our parents.  

We can get all different kind of combinations. 

So maybe this is why one child will have Hazel eyes and another with brown eyes. 

A few blond children, Light brown hair & super dark brown hair.

For my dad my research backed up his DNA results.   As for my sister there is missing DNA.

So our paper trails is by far is our most accurate source of who we are. 

DNA testing can only help us in our journey of self discovery.  

Help to break down Brick walls.

Good Luck in your Family Search.

What To DO????

What to do with your DNA results when you receive them?

I do not have an answer for you.  It will all depend on where you had your DNA test done and which one you did.

I have shown you the possibilities with Ancestry.com. 

My suggestion is to find out what every DNA lab offers you with your results.  Then compare what they offer, find the best deal for your money, go for it.

To me you can’t go wrong with your DNA results.  It opens new doors for you, hopefully breaks down a brick wall or two.

Your Ancestors are waiting for you to find them.

New DNA Results Are In

 Image from web


So my dads results from the Ancestry.com special offer is in.  

Not what I expected but results of the past 300 years exciting.

So my Father's results are:

53% British Isles

23% Scandanavian

10% Western/Central Europe

4% unknown***

So when I consider all I now know about my Ancestors I can see it truer then I would have believed some time ago.

To me the most surprising is the 23% Scandinavian.  Now I readjusting how I see my self yet again. 

Now to further the research on the Brick Walls.

Irish DNA

Love Twitter and all the great information you can gain, without doing the searching.

DNA  Irish  DNA  English  DNA Scottish  DNA

check out this site: http://www.irishorigenes.com/
Its about pinpointing your heritage.

Good Luck  

Interesting story from AP on DNA origins study

 

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) — For years, varied and sometimes wild claims have been made about the origins of a group of dark-skinned Appalachian residents once known derisively as the Melungeons. Some speculated they were descended from Portuguese explorers, or perhaps from Turkish slaves or Gypsies.

Now a new DNA study in the Journal of Genetic Genealogy attempts to separate truth from oral tradition and wishful thinking. The study found the truth to be somewhat less exotic: Genetic evidence shows that the families historically called Melungeons are the offspring of sub-Saharan African men and white women of northern or central European origin.

And that report, which was published in April in the peer-reviewed journal, doesn't sit comfortably with some people who claim Melungeon ancestry.

"There were a whole lot of people upset by this study," lead researcher Roberta Estes said. "They just knew they were Portuguese, or Native American."

Beginning in the early 1800s, or possibly before, the term Melungeon (meh-LUN'-jun) was applied as a slur to a group of about 40 families along the Tennessee-Virginia border. But it has since become a catch-all phrase for a number of groups of mysterious mixed-race ancestry.

In recent decades, interest in the origin of the Melungeons has risen dramatically with advances both in DNA research and in the advent of Internet resources that allow individuals to trace their ancestry without digging through dusty archives.

G. Reginald Daniel, a sociologist at the University of California-Santa Barbara who's spent more than 30 years examining multiracial people in the U.S. and wasn't part of this research, said the study is more evidence that race-mixing in the U.S. isn't a new phenomenon.

"All of us are multiracial," he said. "It is recapturing a more authentic U.S. history."

Estes and her fellow researchers theorize that the various Melungeon lines may have sprung from the unions of black and white indentured servants living in Virginia in the mid-1600s, before slavery.

They conclude that as laws were put in place to penalize the mixing of races, the various family groups could only intermarry with each other, even migrating together from Virginia through the Carolinas before settling primarily in the mountains of East Tennessee.

Claims of Portuguese ancestry likely were a ruse they used in order to remain free and retain other privileges that came with being considered white, according to the study's authors.

The study quotes from an 1874 court case in Tennessee in which a Melungeon woman's inheritance was challenged. If Martha Simmerman were found to have African blood, she would lose the inheritance.

Her attorney, Lewis Shepherd, argued successfully that the Simmerman's family was descended from ancient Phoenicians who eventually migrated to Portugal and then to North America.

Writing about his argument in a memoir published years later, Shepherd stated, "Our Southern high-bred people will never tolerate on equal terms any person who is even remotely tainted with negro blood, but they do not make the same objection to other brown or dark-skinned people, like the Spanish, the Cubans, the Italians, etc."

In another lawsuit in 1855, Jacob Perkins, who is described as "an East Tennessean of a Melungeon family," sued a man who had accused him of having "negro blood."

In a note to his attorney, Perkins wrote why he felt the accusation was damaging. Writing in the era of slavery ahead of the Civil War, Perkins noted the racial discrimination of the age: "1st the words imply that we are liable to be indicted (equals) liable to be whipped (equals) liable to be fined ... "

Later generations came to believe some of the tales their ancestors wove out of necessity.

Jack Goins, who has researched Melungeon history for about 40 years and was the driving force behind the DNA study, said his distant relatives were listed as Portuguese on an 1880 census. Yet he was taken aback when he first had his DNA tested around 2000. Swabs taken from his cheeks collected the genetic material from saliva or skin cells and the sample was sent to a laboratory for identification.

"It surprised me so much when mine came up African that I had it done again," he said. "I had to have a second opinion. But it came back the same way. I had three done. They were all the same."

In order to conduct the larger DNA study, Goins and his fellow researchers — who are genealogists but not academics — had to define who was a Melungeon.

In recent years, it has become a catchall term for people of mixed-race ancestry and has been applied to about 200 communities in the eastern U.S. — from New York to Louisiana.

Among them were the Montauks, the Mantinecocks, Van Guilders, the Clappers, the Shinnecocks and others in New York. Pennsylvania had the Pools; North Carolina the Lumbees, Waccamaws and Haliwas and South Carolina the Redbones, Buckheads, Yellowhammers, Creels and others. In Louisiana, which somewhat resembled a Latin American nation with its racial mixing, there were Creoles of the Cane River region and the Redbones of western Louisiana, among others.

The latest DNA study limited participants to those whose families were called Melungeon in the historical records of the 1800s and early 1900s in and around Tennessee's Hawkins and Hancock Counties, on the Virginia border some 200 miles northeast of Nashville.

The study does not rule out the possibility of other races or ethnicities forming part of the Melungeon heritage, but none were detected among the 69 male lines and 8 female lines that were tested. Also, the study did not look for later racial mixing that might have occurred, for instance with Native Americans.

Goins estimates there must be several thousand descendants of the historical Melungeons alive today, but the study only examined unbroken male and female lines.

The origin of the word Melungeon is unknown, but there is no doubt it was considered a slur by white residents in Appalachia who suspected the families of being mixed race.

"It's sometimes embarrassing to see the lengths your ancestors went to hide their African heritage, but look at the consequences" said Wayne Winkler, past president of the Melungeon Heritage Association. "They suffered anyway because of the suspicion."

The DNA study is ongoing as researchers continue to locate additional Melungeon descendants.

___

Associated Press Writer Cain Burdeau contributed to this story from New Orleans, La.